PVC pipe vs. copper in plumbing: Which is the better choice?

One big decision many homeowners face during renovations is choosing between PVC pipe vs. copper plumbing.

Both have their own unique benefits, and picking the right one can make a real difference in how efficient, comfortable, and even valuable your home is. Whether you’re installing new pipes in a modern kitchen or updating the plumbing in a classic ranch-style home, it’s important to understand the pros and cons of each material.

This plastic PVC pipe vs. copper pipe guide will walk you through everything you need to know to make the best choice for your home.

What is PVC pipe? 

Stack of PVC pipes arranged for plumbing. (Source: iStock)

PVC (polyvinyl chloride) pipes are a lightweight, durable plastic commonly used in residential drain, waste, and vent (DWV) systems. While widely available and cost-effective, standard PVC is not recommended for hot water applications in potable systems.

PVC’s advantages include corrosion resistance, affordability, and ease of installation. It’s also adaptable, with various fittings available to suit your setup. In addition to installation, PVC pipe repair is generally straightforward, making it a convenient option for homeowners and plumbers alike. It remains a practical solution for tasks such as wastewater piping or cold water supply.

What is copper pipe?

Stacked copper pipes used for plumbing. (Source: iStock)

Copper pipes are rigid, tubular conduits made from a naturally corrosion-resistant metal. Copper has been used in American plumbing systems for over a century and remains a reliable material for hot and cold potable water and central heating.

Commonly joined through soldering, compression fittings, or crimping, copper offers excellent heat conductivity and pressure tolerance. The copper pipe lifespan is also impressive, making it a durable, long-term investment.

Plastic PVC pipe vs. copper pipe: How do they differ?

If you’re working on a new home or renovating, you may wonder, “Is PVC or copper better for plumbing?”. Let’s look at key differences to help you decide.

In terms of lifespan and durability

PVC pipes used in roof guttering on a brick house. (Source: iStock)

PVC pipes, introduced in the 1960s, typically last 25 to 50 years in domestic use. Their non-corrosive nature adds to their impressive durability, making them an appealing choice for modern plumbing. They’re also easy to work with when addressing minor issues like a leaking tap, especially in low-pressure setups.

Among the various types of pipe available, copper pipes can last around 70 to 80 years or more. They also provide excellent resistance to damage from high water pressure or temperature fluctuations.

In terms of resistance to corrosion

When comparing PVC and copper pipes for plumbing, one key difference lies in their resistance to corrosion. Plastic plumbing, like PVC, is inherently non-corrosive, meaning it doesn’t rust or degrade due to water, air, or soil conditions. This makes it highly reliable for drainage systems without the need for protective coatings. 

Copper forms a protective patina over time, which slows corrosion. However, it may still be susceptible to pitting or pinhole leaks in aggressive or acidic water environments.

In terms of thermal conductivity

Copper pipes being soldered during installation. (Source: iStock)

Thermal conductivity, measured in watts per meter-Kelvin (W/m·K), reflects how well a material conducts heat.

Copper pipes, with a high thermal conductivity of around 390 W/m·K, efficiently transfer heat, making them ideal for maintaining consistent hot water temperatures. However, this efficiency also means heat escapes faster, so proper pipe insulation is essential. Choosing copper without accounting for insulation can be a costly renovation mistake, especially in areas with long hot water runs.

In contrast, PVC pipes typically have a significantly lower thermal conductivity of about 0.2 W/m·K. While they do retain heat better than metal pipes, PVC is generally not recommended for hot water systems due to its temperature limitations. PVC can warp or degrade at high temperatures (usually above 60°C or 140°F), so using it in hot water systems can lead to issues over time.

In terms of ease of installation

PVC pipes stand out for their lightweight design and straightforward assembly. Joining PVC pipes is as simple as applying solvent cement, where no soldering or heat is needed. This makes them a more accessible option, especially during a kitchen or bathroom renovation where quick, efficient installation is often a priority.

On the other hand, copper pipes demand a higher level of expertise, requiring specialized tools like soldering torches, flux, and pipe cutters to ensure secure connections. Copper’s rigidity and heavier weight can also make it harder to maneuver tight spaces, like under a basin or sink. 

For tasks such as replacing kitchen faucets, PVC offers a user-friendly solution, while copper may be better suited for complex layouts requiring precise customization.

In terms of environmental impact

Used and cut copper pipes ready for recycling. (Source: iStock)

When considering environmental impact, copper holds an advantage. It’s highly recyclable and can be reused with minimal quality loss. While copper mining and refinement require energy, its long-term sustainability makes it an eco-friendly choice.

PVC is improving in terms of environmental impact through innovations like recycled materials and eco-conscious manufacturing processes. However, its traditional production and disposal may release harmful chemicals. Recycling of PVC in the US is still not as widely adopted.

For mixed plumbing systems, knowing how to connect PVC pipe to copper pipe safely and efficiently is essential, not just for performance but also to avoid introducing unnecessary waste or materials that complicate future recycling efforts.

In terms of cost

PVC is the more budget-friendly option. Installation costs typically range from $500 to $3,000, depending on your system’s size and complexity.

Copper pipe installation is more expensive, ranging from $1,000 to $6,000, due to higher material costs and specialized labor. Plumbers in the US typically charge around $45 to $150 per hour, adding to overall plumbing project costs.

Save time and hire plumbers with Airtasker

When it comes to your home’s plumbing, choosing between PVC and copper pipes is an important decision that impacts both your budget and performance. Whether you’re upgrading your system or tackling a new build, finding the right professional is essential.

On Airtasker, you can connect with plumbers in your area who specialize in everything from installations to repairs. Post your task today and take the stress out of finding reliable plumbing help so you can focus on building the home of your dreams!